TIANJIN, China — Leaders of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) convened in Tianjin for the group’s annual summit, bringing together heads of state from China, Russia, India, and seven other member nations. The forum, founded in 2001, has grown into one of the largest regional organizations, spanning security, economic, and energy cooperation.

Chinese President Xi Jinping announced plans to establish an SCO development bank and an international energy cooperation platform, alongside a $1.4 billion loan package for member states over the next three years. He also opened access to China’s BeiDou satellite system as an alternative to GPS.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi joined discussions that emphasized development, regional stability, and global governance. While the SCO’s role remains evolving, the Tianjin summit highlights efforts to strengthen multilateral frameworks and foster cooperation across Eurasia amid shifting global dynamics.